Massachusetts AFL-CIO Scholarship Practice Exam

What was the I.W.W.'s stance on the United States entering World War I?

1. They supported the war effort

2. They remained neutral

3. They opposed entry and were prosecuted under the Espionage Act

4. They encouraged workers to enlist

The correct answer is: They opposed entry and were prosecuted under the Espionage Act

The stance of the Industrial Workers of the World (I.W.W.) regarding the United States' entry into World War I was one of strong opposition. This opposition stemmed from their broader anti-war philosophy, which viewed the war as a conflict that would benefit capitalism and the elite at the expense of the working class. The I.W.W. argued that the war would not bring about any real change for workers and only serve to divide the working class. As a result of their anti-war sentiments, members of the I.W.W. faced severe repercussions, including prosecution under the Espionage Act. The Act was used by the government to suppress dissent and limit free speech, particularly during the war period. The I.W.W.'s vocal opposition made them a target for government action, leading to arrests and harassment of many of their leaders and members. This period in history reflects a tension between patriotic duty and labor rights, with the I.W.W. emphasizing their commitment to workers' rights over nationalistic fervor, which was often promoted by the government and mainstream society at the time.